Cent Eur J Nurs Midw 2019, 10(4):1134-1142 | DOI: 10.15452/CEJNM.2019.10.0025

Older adults' and nurses' perception of dignity in the setting of Iranian hospitals: a cross-sectional study

Hosein Karimi1, Neda Mirbagher Ajorpaz2, Mohammad Aghajani3,*
1 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
2 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Autoimmune Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
3 Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran

Aim: This study was designed to investigate the perceptions of hospitalized older adults and nurses regarding the importance and observance of dignity, and, in addition, to address the relationship between the importance and observance of dignity and individual social variables in nurses and hospitalized older adults, and the relationship between importance and observance of dignity in older adults and hospital wards and bed layouts.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: Convenience sampling was used to select 400 hospitalized older adults and 146 nurses in Kashan University of Medical Science hospitals, Iran. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, and a dignity scale including three fields: privacy, communication, and autonomy. The data were described using descriptive statistics, and analyzed via the one-way ANOVA, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and linear regression model.

Results: Over half of the older adults were female (57%), and 76.5% were married. More than 60% of older adults believed that dignity had a high degree of importance and that observance of dignity was at a good level. The majority of nurses rated the importance and observance of dignity at weak to moderate levels (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion: Due to the difference in viewpoints between older adults and nurses regarding dignity, barriers to the observance of dignity as perceived by nurses should be surveyed.

Keywords: autonomy, communication, dignity, nurse, privacy, older adult

Received: June 10, 2019; Accepted: November 11, 2019; Published: September 30, 2019  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Karimi H, Mirbagher Ajorpaz N, Aghajani M. Older adults' and nurses' perception of dignity in the setting of Iranian hospitals: a cross-sectional study. Central European Journal of Nursing and Midwifery. 2019;10(4):1134-1142. doi: 10.15452/CEJNM.2019.10.0025.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Adib-Hajbaghery M, Akbari H. The severity of old age disability and its related factors. Feyz Journal of Kashan University of Medical Sciences. 2009;13(3):225-234.
    2. Anderberg P, Lepp M, Berglund AL, Segesten K. Preserving dignity in caring for older adults: a concept analysis. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2007;59(6):635-643. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    3. Atashzadeh Shoorideh F, Ashktorab T, Yaghmaei F. Responses of ICU nurses to moral distress: a qualitative study. Iranian Journal of Critical Care Nursing. 2012;4(4):159-168.
    4. Bäck E, Wikblad K. Privacy in hospital. Journal of Advanced Nursing.1998;27(5):940-945. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    5. Baillie L. The impact of urological conditions on pa tients' dignity. International Journal of Urological Nursing. 2007;1(1):27-35. Go to original source...
    6. Baillie L. Patient dignity in an acute hospital setting: a case study. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2009;46(1):23-36. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    7. Borhani F, Abbaszadeh A, Mohsenpour M. Nursing studentsʼ understanding of factors influencing ethical sensitivity: a qualitative study. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research. 2013;18(4):310-315. Go to PubMed...
    8. Chochinov HM, Hack T, Hassard T, Kristjanson LJ, McClement S, Harlos M. Dignity therapy: a novel psychotherapeutic intervention for patients near the end of life. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2005;23(24):5520-5525. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    9. Cohen L, Delaney P, Boston P. Listening to the customer: implementing a patient satisfaction measurement system. Gastroenterology Nursing. 1994;17(3):110-115. Go to original source...
    10. Dehghani A, Radbeh F, Parviniannasab AM, Khaki S, Shamsizadeh M, Beyramijam M. Enactment of professional ethics standards compliance in patients and nurses prospective. Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery. 2015;25(4):64-72.
    11. Ebrahimi H, Sadeghian E, Seyedfatemi N. Exploring outcomes of respect for patient autonomy in hospital: a qualitative research. Avicena Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Care. 2014;22(2):15-25.
    12. Ebrahimi H, Torabizadeh C, Mohammadi E, Valizadeh S. Patientsʼ perception of dignity in Iranian healthcare settings: a qualitative content analysis. Journal of Medical Ethics. 2012;38(12):723-728. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    13. Ferrando AA, Paddon-Jones D, Hays NP, Kortebein P, Ronsen O, Williams RH, McComb A, Symons TB, Wolfe RR, Evans W. EAA supplementation to increase nitrogen intake improves muscle function during bed rest in the elderly. Clinical Nutrition. 2010;29(1):18-23. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    14. Ferri P, Muzzalupo J, Di Lorenzo R. Patientsʼ perception of dignity in an Italian general hospital: a cross-sectional analysis. BMC Health Services Research. 2015;15:41. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    15. Franklin LL, Ternestedt BM, Nordenfelt L. Views on dignity of elderly nursing home residents. Nursing Ethics. 2006;13(2):130-146. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    16. Griffin-Heslin VL. An analysis of the concept dignity. Accident and Emergency Nursing. 2005;13(4):251-257. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. Guo Q, Jacelon CS. An integrative review of dignity in endof-life care. Palliative Medicine. 2014;28(7):931-940. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    18. Hajbaghery MA, Safa A, Aminolroayaee-Yamini E. Nursesʼ knowledge of ethical and legal issues in elderly care. Medical Ethics Journal. 2015;9(31):169-191.
    19. Hosseinian M, Mirbagher Ajorpaz N, Esalat Manesh S. Mothersʼ satisfaction with two systems of providing care to their hospitalized children. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal. 2015;17(2):e23333. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    20. ICN. The ICN Code of ethics for nurses. International Council of Nurses. 2012;1-10.
    21. Jacelon CS. Managing personal integrity: the process of hospitalization for elders. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2004;46(5):549-557. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    22. Jacobson N. Dignity and health: a review. Social Science & Medicine. 2007;64(2):292-302. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    23. Jakobsen R, Sørlie V. Dignity of older people in a nursing home: narratives of care providers. Nursing Ethics. 2010;17(3):289-300. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    24. Jollaee S, Bakhshandeh B, Mohammad Ebrahim, M, Asgarzadeh M, Vasheghani Farahani A, Shariat E. Nursing code of ethics in Iran: the report of a qualitative study. Medical Ethics and History of Medicine. 2010;3(2):45-53.
    25. Julião M, Oliveira F, Nunes B, Vaz Carneiro A, Barbosa A. Efficacy of dignity therapy on depression and anxiety in Portuguese terminally ill patients: a phase II randomized controlled trial. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2014;17(6):688-695. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    26. Karimi R, Dehghan Nayyeri N, Sadeghi T, Mehran A. Patients dignity: a comparative study between the perspective of nurses and adolescents. Iranian Journal of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine. 2008;1(4):53-62.
    27. Karro J, Dent AW, Farish S. Patient perceptions of privacy infringements in an emergency department. Emergency Medicine Australasia. 2005;17(2):117-123. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    28. Koivula-Tynnilä H, Axelin A, Leino-Kilpi H. Informational privacy in the recovery room-patientsʼ perspective. Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing. 2018;33(4):479-489. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    29. Leene H. A declaration on the promotion of patient rights in Europe. Tijdschrift voor Gezondheidsrecht. 1994;18(5):100- 106. Go to original source...
    30. Lemonidou C, Merkouris A, Leino-Kilpi H, Välimäki M, Dassen T, Gasull M, Scote PA, Tafas C, Arndt M. A comparison of surgical patients' and nurses' perceptions of patients' autonomy, privacy and informed consent in nursing interventions. Clinical Effectiveness in Nursing. 2003;7(2):73-83. Go to original source...
    31. Lin YP, Tsai YF, Chen HF. Dignity in care in the hospital setting from patientsʼ perspectives in Taiwan: a descriptive qualitative study. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2011;20(5- 6):794-801. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    32. Liu YE, Norman IJ, While AE. Nurses' attitudes towards older people: a systematic review. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2013;50(9):1271-1282. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    33. Lothian K, Philp I. Maintaining the dignity and autonomy of older people in the healthcare setting. British Medical Journal. 2001;322(7287):668-670. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    34. Matiti MR. Patient dignity in nursing: a phemomenological study. Huddersfield: University of Huddersfield; 2002.
    35. Matiti MR, Trorey GM. Patients' expectations of the maintenance of their dignity. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2008;17(20):2709-2717. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    36. Matteson M, McConnell E. Gerontological nursing in acute care settings. In: Gerontological Nursing: Concepts and Practice. 2nd ed. 1998; pp. 721-750.
    37. Mohammady S, Borhani F, Roshanzadeh M. Moral sensitivity and nurse's attitude toward patientsʼ rights. Medical Ethics and History of Medicine. 2017;9(5):52-62.
    38. Moosavi SS, Borhani F, Abbaszadeh A. The moral courage of nurses employed in hospitals affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Hayat. 2017;22(4):339-349.
    39. Nayeri ND, Aghajani M. Patientsʼ privacy and satisfaction in the emergency department: a descriptive analytical study. Nursing Ethics. 2010;17(2):167-177. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    40. Parsapoor A, Bagheri A, Larijani B. Patientʼs rights charter in Iran. Acta Medica Iranica. 2014:52(1):24-28. Go to PubMed...
    41. Qvrchyany F, Barati Marnani A, Abulghasem Georgi H, Khatami Firoozabadi AM. Observe the nursing code of ethics for nurses and patients in a teaching hospital in Tehran University of Medical Sciences In 1931. Medical Ethics. 2013;7(23):63-79.
    42. Rahemi Z, Williams CL. Development of a dignity-enhancing model of caring for older adults. International Journal for Human Caring. 2015;19(3):36-41. Go to original source...
    43. Rahemi Z, Mirbagher Ajorpaz N, Sharifi Esfahani M, Aghajani M. Sensation-seeking and factors related to dangerous driving behaviors among Iranian drivers. Personality and Individual Differences. 2017;116:314-318. Go to original source...
    44. Rejeh N, Heravi-Karimooi M, Foroughan M. The needs of hospitalized elderly patients: A qualitative study. Iranian Journal of Ageing. 2010;5(1):42-52.
    45. Rylance G. Privacy, dignity, and confidentiality: interview study with structured questionnaire. British Medical Journal. 1999;318(7179):301. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    46. Sabeghi H, Nasiri A, Zarei M, Tabar AK, Golbaf D. Respecting for human dignity in elders caring in perspective of nurses and elderly patients. Medical Ethics. 2017;9(32):45- 70.
    47. Sadeghi T. Observance of independence in nursing care based on opinious of hospitalized teenagers in pediatrics hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences during 2008. Community Health Journal. 2009;4(1):26-33.
    48. Sarkhil H, Darvishpoor-Kakhaki A, Borzabadi-Farahani Z. Respecting patient's privacy in cardiac care units of Tehran>s selected hospitals. Iranian Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. 2013;2(2):40-47.
    49. Sawada NO, Correia FA, Costa Mendes IA, Dela Coleta JA. Personal and territorial space of the patients: a nursing ethics question. Medicine and Law. 1996;15(2):261-270. Go to PubMed...
    50. Schopp A, Leino-Kilpi H, Välimäki M, Dassen T, Gasull M, Lemonidou C, Scott PA, Arndt M, Kaljonen A. Perceptions of privacy in the care of elderly people in five European countries. Nursing Ethics. 2003;10(1):39-47. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    51. Tagharrobi Z, Sharifi K, Sooky Z. Psychometric evaluation of Stanford health assessment questionnaire 8-item disability index (HAQ 8-item DI) in elderly people. Journal of Holistic Nursing and Midwifery. 2014;24(1):9-20.
    52. Walsh K, Kowanko I. Nursesʼ and patientsʼ perceptions of dignity. International Journal of Nursing Practice. 2002;8(3):143-151. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    53. Zehtab S, Adib-Hajbaghery M. The importance of spiritual care in nursing. Nursing and Midwifery Studies. 2014;3(3):e22261. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content